| 270's B.C.E. |
Nubia invaded by Greeks under Ptolemy II. |
| 70 C.E. |
Pliny describes Nubia; Romans capture Jerusalem with Nubian mercenary cavalry. |
| 297 |
Withdrawal of Romans from Lower Nubia to Aswan. |
| 450's |
Anonymous Christians begin missions in Nubia; Mouses, a Nobadian prince may have converted to Christianity; Tantani, phylarch of Nobades, also appears to be a Christian. |
| c. 500's |
Kushite empire replaced by three Nubian kingdoms: Nobadia in northern Nubia, Makuria in central Nubia, and Alwa southern Nubia. |
| 527-565 |
Emperor Justinian rules the Eastern Roman empire; the reconquest of much of North Africa. |
| 537 |
Nubian King Silko implies that he is the first Christian king of Nubia. |
| 543 |
Julian, a Coptic monk sent by Empress Theodora to Nubia; Theodore becomes bishop of Philae (Nile island) in Nobadia; Monophysite faith. |
| c. 543 |
King of Nobatia baptized. |
| c. 550's |
Faras established as capital of Christian Nobadia. A former guest house is converted to a church; referred to as the "Rivergate Church." |
| c. 555 |
Missionary Longinus at Nobadia and Alwa (Alodia); established clergy and liturgy. |
| c. 573 |
Dongola established as capital of Makuria after its conversion to Christianity; converted to Melkite Christianity (Orthodoxy.) |
| c. 580 |
Alwa converts to Monophysite Christianity. Soba is the established capital. |
| 640 |
Muslim conquest of Egypt. |
| 641-642 |
Islamic armies of Amru b. El-As campaign against Nubia but fail to capture it. |
| 646 |
Muslim rulers of Egypt attack Nubia. |
| 652 |
Baqt (Pact) treaty established between Nubia and Egypt; Christian Nubians and Arabs in Egypt agree that Aswan on Nile should mark southern limit of Arab expansion; only time in the Middle Ages that Muslims exempted a non-Muslim state from conquest. |
| 697-707 |
King Merkurius unites Nobadia and Makuria; sometimes referred to by bishops as the "new Constantine." |
| 707 |
Reconstruction of the cathedral in Faras under direction of Bishop Paulos. |
| 720 |
Baqt treaty established between Egypt and Beja of the Red Sea. |
| 740's |
Cyriacus, the Makurian king lays siege to Umayy capital at Fustat (Cairo); seeks release of Alexandrian patriarch Abba Michael. |
| 762-770 |
Muslim raids led by Abd al A'la b. Hamid . |
| 762-770 |
c. 800-1000 Nubian era of prosperity. |
| 819-822 |
Dongola king and Beja refuse to pay baqt tribute. |
| 856 |
Giorgios I (816-920), crowned King of Makuria. |
| 866 |
Faras becomes metropolitan see; Abba Kyros (866-902.) |
| 920 |
Reign begins of Makurian King Zakaria. |
| 1000 |
Nilotic pastoral expansion into southern Sudan. |
| 1127 |
Nubian King George IV. |
| 1140's |
Christian kingdom of Dotawo noted in Nubia. |
| 1235 |
Last priest sent to Nubia from Alexandria. |
| 1264 |
Nubians again pay baqt tribute, now to Mamlukes. |
| 1276 |
Mamluke Egyptians sack Dongola; forced conversion to Islam. |
| 1317 |
Defeat of the last Christian king in Nubia; first mosque is built at Dongola. |
| 1371-1372 |
Bishop of Faras consecrated by Patriarch in Alexandria. |
| 1453 |
Fall of Roman Empire of the East. |
| c. 1500 |
The fall of Soba, capital of the last Christian kingdom of Alwa; rise of the Islamized Funj. |
